STRENGTHENING THE RADEC MODEL IN SCIENCE LEARNING TO SUPPORT STUDENTS' HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/jcp.v12i1.16815Abstract
Science learning at the elementary school level requires a pedagogical approach that can encourage the development of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) as part of improving the quality of the learning process. The RADEC (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create) model is considered relevant because it includes systematic, collaborative learning stages, and is oriented towards knowledge construction. Based on this need, this study aims to examine the forms of strengthening the RADEC model in science learning and its contribution to the development of students' HOTS. This study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by analyzing scientific articles that met the criteria for eligibility and relevance. The results of the review indicate that strengthening RADEC is carried out through the integration of contextual media, the development of HOTS-based teaching tools, the implementation of collaborative strategies, and the use of authentic assessments. These various forms of strengthening play a role in optimizing the RADEC stages, thereby supporting the improvement of analytical, evaluative, creative, scientific communication, and active participation skills of students. Overall, the SLR findings indicate that RADEC has substantive potential in strengthening the quality of science learning and supporting the achievement of higher-order thinking skills in elementary school students.
Keywords:
Elementary School, RADEC Learning Model, Science, HOTSDownloads
References
Ariana, IGG (2022). Improving Science Learning Activities Post-Pandemic with the CLIS Learning Model for Fifth Grade Elementary School Students. Journal of Education Action Research, 6(1), 87-94.https://doi.org/10.23887/jear.v6i1.44302
Darmawan, NH, & Hilmawan, H. (2021). PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL): CAN IMPROVE HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) OF PROSPECTIVE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER STUDENTS. PrimaryEdu: Journal of Primary Education, 5(2), 209-209.https://doi.org/10.22460/pej.v5i2.2761
Fatikhin, AC, Budiyanto, M., & Qosyim, A. (2024). Students' Perceptions of the RADEC Learning Model in Improving Critical Thinking Skills in Junior High School. Journal of Mathematics and Science Education Research, 8(1), 7-11.https://doi.org/10.26740/jppms.v8n1.p7-11
Hasnunidah, N., Meriza, N., Lengkana, D., & Pramita Sylvia Dewi, PSD (2024). Analysis of students' higher order thinking skills on science subject using liveworksheet argumentative through discovery learning. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 25(1), 351-327.http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa/v25i1.pp351-372
Maslihah, A., Aziroh, KMU, & Bashith, A. (2025). Effective strategies in evaluating HOTS-based learning assessments to improve elementary school students' cognitive competence. Citra Bakti Scientific Journal of Education, 12(1), 94-106.https://doi.org/10.38048/jipcb.v12i1.4774
Maspiroh, I., & Sartono, EKE (2022). The Radec (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create) Learning Model to Improve Students' High-Order Thinking Skills in Science Learning in Elementary Schools. Metacognition, 4(2), 82-92.
Munjiah, A., Widiya, NWP, & Ratna, RSD (2024). RADEC LEARNING MODEL AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE HOTS LEARNING EVALUATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 9(04), 241-254.https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v9i04.20610
Nurjannah, A., Oktavia, M., & Ayurachmawati, P. (2023). Application of the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create (Radec) Model to Students' Creative Thinking Skills in Science Learning in Grade V Elementary School. Didactics: Scientific Journal of PGSD STKIP Subang, 9(3), 447-455.https://doi.org/10.36989/didactic.v9i3.1409
Pratiwi, DKP, & Sudibyo, E. (2018). The effectiveness of using comic learning media on motion material to increase reading interest of eighth grade junior high school students. PENSA: E-JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION, 6(02).https://doi.org/10.26740/pensa.v6i02.24263
Rahayuningsih, S., & Jayanti, R. (2019). High order thinking skills (HOTS) of mathematics education study program students in solving group problems. MAJAMATH: Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, 2(2), 87-93.
Rakhma, TF, Wulan, NS, & Rosmana, PS (2025). THE EFFECT OF THE RADEC (READ–ANSWER–DISCUSS–EXPLAIN–CREATE) LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENTS' READING COMPREHENSION ABILITIES. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 10(02), 420-430.https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i02.30339
Rindiana, T., Arifin, MH, & Wahyuningsih, Y. (2022). Radec Learning Model to Improve Higher Order Thinking Skills in Social Studies Learning in Elementary Schools. Authentic: Journal of Elementary Education Development, 6(1), 89-100.https://doi.org/10.36379/autentik.v6i1.186
Rizal, HP, Amaliah, R., Sari, F., & Wahyuni, C. (2024). The Effect of the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create (RADEC) Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Skills. Journal of Education Research, 5(4), 5239-5249.https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i4.1777
Salsabila, NA, Gunawan, G., & Meldina, T. (2025). The Effect of Using the Radec Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Social Sciences Subjects of Grade 4 at State Elementary School 12 Rejang Lebong (Doctoral dissertation, State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Curup).
Setyawan, J., Roshayanti, F., & Novita, M. (2023). The STEAM-based RADEC learning model on colloidal system material is able to improve students' critical thinking skills. Practice of The Science of Teaching Journal: Jurnal Praktiki Pendidikan, 2(1), 18-26.https://doi.org/10.58362/hafecspost.v2i1.29
Sofira, A., Rahayu, R., & Trisnowati, E. (2025). Enhancing Science Literacy and Collaboration Skills Through the RADEC Learning Model in Junior High Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 26(3), 1852-1869.https://doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa.v26i3.pp1852-1869
Sopandi, W. (2019). Socialization and Workshop on Implementation of the RADEC Learning Model for Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers. Pedagogia: Journal of Education, 8(1), 19-34.https://doi.org/10.21070/pedagogia.v8i1.1853
Supriatin, S., Suratno, S., & Spariati, A. (2025). Development of a Problem Based Learning Model Based on Interactive Learning Videos on the Groundwater Cycle to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth Grade Science Students. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(2), 1583-1590.https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i2.6883
Ulu Kalin, Ö., & Kumandaş Öztürk, H. (2024). Classification of Higher-Order Thinking Skills of the Teachers Based on Institution, Seniority, and Branch with Discriminant Analysis. Behavioral Sciences, 14(8), 626.https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080626
Wibowo, WS, Wasana, MA, & Muhammad, FN (2022). Increasing students' higher order thinking skills in science learning through discovery learning assisted by e-worksheet based on Google Docs. Journal of Science Education Innovation, 8(1), 89-98.https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v8i1.45860
Widodo, W., Suciati, S., & Hidayat, R. (2024). Implementation of the RADEC (Read Answer Discuss Explain Create) Learning Model and Its Impact on Higher-Order Thinking Skills and Communication Skills. Journal of Teacher Studies and Learning, 7(1), 270–285.https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.7.1.2024.3706
Winaryati, E. (2018). Assessment of 21st century student competencies. In Proceedings of National & International Seminars (Vol. 1, No. 1).
Yulianti, Y., Lestari, H., & Rahmawati, I. (2022). Application of the RADEC learning model to improve students' critical thinking skills. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, 8(1), 47-56.https://doi.org/10.31949/jcp.v8i1.1915
Yuniasih, N., Sopandi, W., Suhandi, A., Syaodih, E., & Pratiwi, W. (2024). Analysis of fifth grade students' creative thinking skills through the implementation of radec learning. Elem Educ J, 7(3), 3083-92.https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v7i3.10445
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Lami'ah, Intan Sari Rufiana, Mardhatillah, Aynin Mashfufah, Slamet Arifin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
