Integration of RADEC Model and Digital Worksheets to Improve Narrative Writing in Primary School
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v9i2.18622Abstract
This classroom action research aimed to improve narrative text writing skills of fourth-grade elementary school students through the integration of the RADEC (Read-Answer-Discuss-Explain-Create) learning model assisted by digital worksheets. The study involved 25 students at SDN Ujungjaya 1, Sumedang, and followed a cyclical design of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection across three cycles. Data were collected through teacher performance observation sheets, student activity observation sheets, and narrative writing skill tests assessing text structure, intrinsic story elements, and language mechanics. The baseline data showed that no students met the minimum mastery criteria. After Cycle I, student mastery increased to 24% (6 of 25 students), with teacher planning at 75% and implementation at 68%. In Cycle II, mastery rose to 32% (8 students), while teacher planning reached 79.3% and implementation 78%, with student activity improving to 76%. In Cycle III, following refinements in group division and instructional guidance, student mastery reached 76% (19 students), teacher planning achieved 92%, implementation 90%, and student activity 88%. These findings demonstrate that the RADEC model integrated with digital worksheets systematically improves narrative writing skills. The structured syntax (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create) provided a coherent framework for understanding narrative text structure, while digital worksheets facilitated interactive and engaging writing practice. This approach is recommended as an effective instructional strategy for enhancing writing skills in primary education.
Keywords:
RADEC model; digital worksheet; narrative writing; elementary school; classroom actionDownloads
References
Andriani, R., Asri, S. A., & Ulfa, M. (2024). Enhancing narrative writing skills with the RADEC model and picture media. 2(1), 1412–1420. https://ice.stkipkusumanegara.ac.id/index.php/ice/article/view/122
Anggraeni, P., Sunendar, D., Maftuh, B., & Sopandi, W. (2024). CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS: 6Cs-ORIENTED RADEC LEARNING MODEL FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. (6).
Dewi, A. K., Slamet, St. Y., Atmojo, I. R. W., & Syawaludin, A. (2022). The influence of interactive digital worksheets based on level of inquiry towards science process skills in elementary school. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 12(4), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.12.04.27
Handayani, H., Sopandi, W., Syaodih, E., Suhendra, I., & Hermita, N. (2019). RADEC: An Alternative Learning of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) Students of Elementary School on Water Cycle. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1351, 012074.
Harefa, M., & Utami, N. C. M. (2023). Improving narrative text writing skills using project-based learning techniques in elementary school. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, 9(2), 272–283. https://doi.org/10.31949/jcp.v9i2.4863
Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). Introducing Critical Participatory Action Research. In S. Kemmis, R. McTaggart, & R. Nixon, The Action Research Planner (pp. 1–31). Springer Singapore. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-4560-67-2_1
Khair, U., & Misnawati, M. (2022). Indonesian language teaching in elementary school: Cooperative learning model explicit type instructions chronological technique of events on narrative writing skills. Linguistics and Culture Review, 6, 1201–1218. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v6nS3.2221
Khasanah, L. A. I. U., Huda, M. M., Suryana, N., & Sopandi, W. (2025a). Developing and validating a RADEC-based student worksheet to prevent bullying in elementary school. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 8(2). https://ejournal.unma.ac.id/index.php/jee/article/view/10423
Khasanah, L. A. I. U., Huda, M. M., Suryana, N., & Sopandi, W. (2025b). Developing and validating a RADEC-based student worksheet to prevent bullying in elementary school. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 8(2). https://ejournal.unma.ac.id/index.php/jee/article/view/10423
Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). An application of hierarchical kappa-type statistics in the assessment of majority agreement among multiple observers. Biometrics, 363–374.
Lestari, A., & Suhandi, A. (2020). An Analysis of Hots in the 5th Grade Elementary School Students’ Learning with Radec Model with the Theme of" Electricity Around Us". International Conference on Elementary Education, 2, 1574–1582. http://proceedings2.upi.edu/index.php/icee/article/view/784
Maruf, A. S., Wahyu, W., & Sopandi, W. (2020). Colloidal learning design using RADEC model with STEM approach based google classroom to develop student creativity. Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(2), 358–370. https://doi.org/10.31258/jes.4.2.p.358-370
Maulana, Y., Sopandi, W., Sujana, A., Hartati, T., & Tembang, Y. (2022). Development and validation of student worksheets air theme based on the RADEC model and 4C skill-oriented. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(3), 1402–1409. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i3.1687
Mills, G. E. (2018). Action research: A guide for the teacher researcher (6th edn). Pearson.
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Moybeka, A. M. S., Bosco, F. H., Apalem, C. R., & Lembang, Y. (2023). Developing EFL students’ writing ability through contextual teaching and learning (a classroom action research study). International Journal of Research and Education, 2(1), 43–58.
Novianti, R., Latifah, N., & Rukmayadi, Y. (2025). Digital learning innovation through application-assisted RADEC model: Let’s Read about elementary school students’ writing skills. Profesi Pendidikan Dasar, 12(1), 62–78. https://doi.org/10.23917/ppd.v12i1.24940
Nugraha, L., Sa’ud, U. S., Hartati, T., & Sopandi, W. (2022). Improving Indonesian elementary school students’ writing skill on narrative text using ‘GOGREEN’ learning model. Special Education, 1(43), 5755–5769.
Nugrahani, F., & Widayanti, M. (2025). The implementation of the discovery learning model with digital media in writing narrative texts in elementary schools. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 8(1), 2264–2280.
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/pisa-2022-results-volume-i_53f23881-en
Sari, R. N., Rosjanuardi, R., Herman, T., & Juandi, D. (2024). Development of mathematics interactive E-worksheet. The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational and Social Sciences, 37, 118–127.
Satria, E., & Sopandi, W. (2019). Applying RADEC model in science learning to promoting students’ critical thinking in elementary school. 1321(3), 032102. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1321/3/032102
Sopandi, W. (2017). The quality improvement of learning processes and achievements through the read-answer-discuss-explain-and-create learning model. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan, 1, 587–597.
Sopandi, W. (2019). Sosialisasi dan Workshop Implementasi Model Pembelajaran RADEC bagi Guru-Guru Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Pedagogia: Jurnal Pendidikan, 8(1), 19–34. https://doi.org/10.21070/pedagogia.v8i1.1853
Suhendra, I., Hartati, T., Rahman, L. M. N. R., & Rizkiya, L. M. N. (2023). TREN KEPEMILIKAN GAWAI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI PULAU JAWA: TINJAUAN HASIL SURVEY. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 11, 01.
Suhendra, I., Rahman, R., Nazilah, F., & ... (2020). Application of mind mapping learning models to improve students’ reading skill in 4th grade of primary school. International …. http://proceedings2.upi.edu/index.php/icee/article/view/608
Sumarsih, S., & Parmin, P. (2024). Effect of problem-based learning media teaching edugame to improve science literacy and collaboration solar system material. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia. https://ejournal.unma.ac.id/index.php/jee
Supriatna, A. R., Andriani, R., Usman, H., & Syahriani, F. (2024). Digital student worksheet oriented to problem-based learning in science subjects for elementary school students. Mimbar PGSD Undiksha, 12(2), 332–344.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
Wahyu Sopandi, dkk. (2023). MODEL PEMBELAJARAN RADEC (Teori dan Implementasi di Sekolah). UPI Press.
Yunansah, H., Hartati, T., Sopandi, W., & others. (2020). Effectiveness of critical multiliteration model with RADEC model on the ability of writing explanatory text. EduHumaniora: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 12(2), 112–122.
Yuniasih, N., Sopandi, W., Suhandi, A., & Lestari, H. (2024a). Analysis of fifth grade students’ creative thinking skills through the implementation of RADEC learning. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 7(1), 1–14.
Yuniasih, N., Sopandi, W., Suhandi, A., & Lestari, H. (2024b). Analysis of fifth grade students’ creative thinking skills through the implementation of RADEC learning. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 7(1), 1–14.
Yustitia, V. (2024). Transforming mathematics learning through an intensive program: A quantitative analysis in elementary students. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia. https://ejournal.unma.ac.id/index.php/jee
