The Effect of Interactive Snakes and Ladders Game on Improving Elementary School Students' Basic Motor Skills
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v9i1.17177Abstract
Fundamental movement skills are an essential foundation for the motor development of elementary school students, particularly in lower grades where children experience rapid motor growth. However, physical education learning in elementary schools is often dominated by conventional teaching methods that provide limited opportunities for active student engagement. The use of interactive digital game-based learning media is considered a potential strategy to enhance students’ motor stimulation and learning involvement. This study aimed to examine the effect of an audio-visual interactive snakes and ladders game on improving fundamental movement skills of elementary school students. The research employed a pre-experimental method using a one group pretest–posttest design. The population consisted of all second-grade students at UPT SDN Kemlaten, with a total sample of 18 students selected through total sampling. Data were collected using an observation checklist assessing five aspects of fundamental movement skills: balance, coordination, locomotor skills, non-locomotor skills, and manipulative skills. Data analysis was conducted using normality tests and a paired sample t-test. The results indicated a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores with a significance value of < 0.05, demonstrating an improvement in students’ fundamental movement skills after the implementation of the interactive learning media. In conclusion, the audio-visual interactive snakes and ladders game is effective in enhancing fundamental movement skills of lower-grade elementary school students and can serve as an innovative and engaging alternative learning medium in physical education classes.
Keywords:
interactive snakes and ladders game, fundamental movement skills, audio-visual media, physical education learning, elementary school studentsDownloads
References
Adnyana, I., Darmayasa, I. P., & colleagues. (2025). Media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis website pada mata pelajaran PJOK materi senam lantai guling depan dan guling belakang untuk peserta didik kelas VIII. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJP/article/view/93932
Gandasari, M. F., Yosika, G. F., Suwanto, W., Purnomo, E., Perdana, R. P., & Purnamasari, A. D. (2023). Pengaruh media audio visual terhadap hasil gerak pencak silat seni tunggal. Physical Activity Journal, 4(2), 231. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.paju.2023.4.2.7923
Guedes, S. C., Nobre, J. N. P., Morais, R. L. S., et al. (2020). Effect of interactive media on the development of children and adolescents: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física. https://www.scielo.br/j/motriz/a/6ZVDzCj5rWNkZkwBMH6fW4C/
H’mida, C., Degrenne, O., Souissi, N., Rekik, G., et al. (2020). Learning a motor skill from video and static pictures in physical education students: Effects on technical performances, motivation, and cognitive load. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(23), 9067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239067
Hadders-Algra, M. (2020). Interactive media use and early childhood development. Jornal de Pediatria. https://www.scielo.br/j/jped/a/yBTYX4TT7LtvH5dTTPKnTrg/
Kurki, M., Gilbert, S., Mishina, K., Lempinen, L., et al. (2021). Digital mental health literacy program for first-year medical students’ wellbeing: A one-group quasi-experimental study. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02990-4
Mohammad, M., & Boushehry, H. R. (2023). The influence of using video media on basic movement skills in kindergarten. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11511-9
Oktarifaldi, O., Marta, I. A., Nugroho, A. W., Hardi, V. J., et al. (2024). Keterampilan gerak dasar kelompok usia 7 sampai 9 tahun siswa sekolah dasar. Jendela Olahraga. http://journal.upgris.ac.id/index.php/jendelaolahraga/article/view/17646
Prasetio, P. A., Acesta, A., Damayanti, D., et al. (2023). Implementasi senam ceria dalam pembelajaran PJOK untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan kinestetik pada siswa sekolah dasar. COLLASE (Creative of Learning Students Elementary Education). http://journal.ikipsiliwangi.ac.id/index.php/collase/article/view/15408
Rahmadani, F., Syahrastani, S., Wahyuri, A. S., et al. (2023). Pengembangan media pembelajaran PJOK berbasis video interaktif materi gerak lokomotor dan non-lokomotor di kelas 1 sekolah dasar. Jurnal JPDO. http://jpdo.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/jpdo/article/view/1508
Rahmani, M., Basuki, S., & Arifin, S. (2022). Media audio visual berkontribusi terhadap motivasi dan minat belajar penjaskes di era pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Patriot.
Rasyid, I., Simatupang, N., & Harahap, N. S. (2023). Penggunaan media pembelajaran PJOK berbasis audio visual pada materi smash bola voli. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan. http://journal.unigha.ac.id/index.php/SemNas/article/view/1895
Rezki, R., Anugrah, F. D., & Ikhsan, M. (2024). Manfaat permainan olahraga tradisional terhadap perkembangan motorik anak sekolah dasar. Education Engagement Journal. https://journal.uir.ac.id/index.php/ecej/article/view/15503
Rosi, E., Bianchi, V., Baù, I., Nuzzo, R., Valsecchi, S., Molteni, M., Colombo, P., & Parini, B. (2024). Effects of exergames on motor skills, psychological well-being, and cognitive abilities in schoolchildren and adolescents: A scoping review. JMIR Serious Games. https://doi.org/10.2196/71416
Sanmiguel-Rodríguez, A., & Rodríguez-Álvarez, O. (2022). Gamification in physical education: A systematic review. Education Sciences, 12(1), 1–20.
Suryadi, D., Nasrulloh, A., Yanti, N., Ramli, R., Fauzan, L. A., et al. (2024). Stimulation of motor skills through game models in early childhood and elementary school students: A systematic review in Indonesia. Retos. http://www.revistaretos.org/index.php/retos/article/view/101743
