Revealing Literacy Practice in Primary Schools: A Multi-Perspective Study from Teachers, Students, and Classroom Observation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v8i4.16198Abstract
This study explores the implementation of reading and writing literacy practices in elementary schools through a multi-perspective approach involving teachers, students, and classroom observations. Literacy is recognized as a foundational competency in early education that supports critical thinking, information processing, and active participation in society. Despite numerous policies to enhance literacy in schools, there remains a gap between policy expectations and actual classroom practices. This qualitative descriptive research was conducted in five elementary schools in Jakarta: SDN Kelapa Dua Wetan 01 Pagi, SDN Sukabumi Utara 01, SD IT Harum, SDN Paseban 03, and SDN Pondok Kopi 02. Data were collected through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and documentation, and analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that schools have implemented literacy activities consistently and creatively—such as morning reading, journal writing, storytelling, mini book projects, and parent involvement—which contribute to the development of a positive literacy culture. Students showed strong interest in reading, particularly when books are relevant, illustrated, and close to their daily experiences. However, the study also identified a lack of structured reading materials that explicitly address Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Both teachers and students emphasized the need for leveled books that incorporate SDG themes with accessible language and engaging visuals. This research highlights the importance of developing SDG-based leveled reading materials to strengthen not only basic literacy skills but also students' global awareness and character education from an early age. Keywords: Literacy practices; Reading and Writing Literacy; Elementary education; Leveled reading books; Multi-perspective approach. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi implementasi praktik literasi membaca dan menulis di sekolah dasar melalui pendekatan multi-perspektif yang melibatkan guru, siswa, dan observasi kelas. Literasi diakui sebagai kompetensi dasar dalam pendidikan awal yang mendukung kemampuan berpikir kritis, pengolahan informasi, dan partisipasi aktif dalam masyarakat. Meskipun berbagai kebijakan telah diterapkan untuk meningkatkan literasi di sekolah, masih terdapat kesenjangan antara harapan kebijakan dan praktik nyata di dalam kelas. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini dilakukan di lima sekolah dasar di Jakarta: SDN Kelapa Dua Wetan 01 Pagi, SDN Sukabumi Utara 01, SD IT Harum, SDN Paseban 03, dan SDN Pondok Kopi 02. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekolah-sekolah telah melaksanakan kegiatan literasi secara konsisten dan kreatif—seperti membaca pagi, penulisan jurnal, mendongeng, proyek buku mini, serta keterlibatan orang tua—yang berkontribusi terhadap berkembangnya budaya literasi yang positif. Siswa menunjukkan minat baca yang tinggi, terutama ketika buku yang digunakan relevan, bergambar, dan dekat dengan pengalaman sehari-hari mereka. Namun, penelitian ini juga menemukan keterbatasan bahan bacaan terstruktur yang secara eksplisit mengangkat tema Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Baik guru maupun siswa menekankan pentingnya pengembangan buku berjenjang yang memuat tema SDGs dengan bahasa yang mudah diakses dan visual yang menarik. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya pengembangan bahan bacaan berjenjang berbasis SDGs untuk memperkuat tidak hanya keterampilan literasi dasar, tetapi juga kesadaran global dan pendidikan karakter siswa sejak usia dini. Kata Kunci: Praktik Literasi; Literasi Membaca dan Menulis, Pendidikan dasar; Buku bacaan berjenjang; Pendekatan multi-perspektif.Keywords:
Literacy practices, Reading and Writing Literacy, Elementary education, Leveled reading books, Multi-perspective approachDownloads
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